How recently have you lied
to or withheld some truth from someone? Can you say why you did so? How did you feel about yourself? How did it affect your
relationship? Your self esteem? How recently has someone important lied to
you? How did you feel and react?
The Truth About Dishonesty
All adults and kids distort or withhold the truth occasionally. We lie with words and/or with our
faces, bodies, voice tones, and silences.
We also tell ourselves small to major lies - delusions, distortions, denials, repressions, hallucinations, and paranoias.
Why do we all do this?
Early in life,
we learned to withhold, shade, or distort our truth when we
felt it wasn't safe to be honest. Experience taught us that if
we were truthful, someone would cause us significant pain - shame, guilt,
rejection, fear, or loss. The pain could come from...
-
our tireless
who causes shaming thoughts
like "You worthless, pitiful, loser;" or...
-
someone we depended on to fill key current
starting with our caregivers.
|
So lying is not a character defect, "weakness," or a
despicable moral "failing." It's a symptom of
psychological
and the normal human needs for
security and comfort. So if you want people (including kids) to
tell you their truth, take responsibility for making it safe enough for them
to do so. If they don't feel safe enough internally (from
self-generated shame, guilt, remorse, regret, and fear), that's beyond your
You
can
control how you react to them. |
Safe from what?
Primal Safeties
Regardless of
background, age, education, gender, and living circumstances, we adults and kids
need to feel consistently safe enough from the pain of...
-
private or public shame
(I'm stupid, unlovable, ugly, inept, and worthless);
-
excessive guilt (I've done
something really bad or wrong),
-
social rejection
(abandonment and loneliness);
-
anxieties and fears (loss
of security);
-
regret and remorse;
-
losses (broken bonds) and
grief; and pain from...
-
despair - the loss of hope
and motivation..
These may combine to cause
the pain of overwhelm.
Reality
check: think of the last person you lied to, and identify the
discomfort you needed to avoid ["If I had told the truth, then... (what
painful thing might have happened?)"]. Now recall the last person who lied to you,
including a child. What discomfort did they (probably) fear? Do you respect
their right to protect themselves from pain as much as
your right to do so?
About "Pathological Liars"
Have you ever met a
"pathological liar"? That's a shaming "hand grenade" label, because it
carries powerful associations of mental illness, craziness, sickness,
unreliability, dishonest, and inferiority. Saying or thinking this label
risks hindering relationships and degrading communication effectiveness.
If you accept that adults and
kids lie because their ruling subselves feel unsafe, then a more accu-rate,
neutral label is "S/He's
very wounded, and her/his false self often feels it's unsafe to tell the
truth." If you're uncomfortable with a statement like this,
check yourself for false-self dominance!
Family Secrets
Some insecure,
unaware adults promote dishonesty by justifying and enforcing "family secrets." These can be
hiding the truth from (a) each other
("Mom's a closet alcoholic.") and/or (b) from non-family members ("Don't tell strangers
our family's business!”). Each of these is an attempt to avoid expected pains
(above). Secrets are transmitted through silence and/or verbal rules - "We don't talk about what Uncle Charley did to
Rebecca."
Often the ritual
of keeping family secrets passes down the generations, until the original
reasons are lost or gone (e.g. "Divorce is no longer as shameful as it once
was"), and/or some family member decides to tell the truth.
Therapist Claudia
Black highlighted this dynamic in her pioneering book "It
Will Never Happen to Me." She observed that typical dysfunctional (low
nurturance) families silently enforce the rules
"Don't ask, don't tell, and don't
feel." My experience as a family therapist since 1981 validates her observa-tion. Do these silent rules shape your family
relationships? If so, who makes and enforces these rules? What would it take to
change them?
If you're
choosing to keep and pass family secrets on, what inherited
and/or
control you?
What are your kids learning about telling the truth in and about their family?
For more per-spective on family
secrets, see this.
Protecting Others From Pain (Enabling)
Lying to protect someone else
from the pains above can be caring and/or selfish. Do you agree? If
you tell the truth and see that it hurts your listener, I doubt
that your Inner Critic praises you as a wonder-ful person.
Protecting others from honesty's
discomforts ("hurt feelings") often helps us avoid guilt,
shame, anxiety, and remorse. Do you agree?
In the context of relationships,
is hindering someone from facing a self-harmful condition
like addiction, self-neglect, or a disabled true Self, by not offering them
the truth as you see it. The line between short-term compassion and long-term
enabling can be hard to see. Has anyone ever impeded your growth by
withholding some important feedback about you?
Protecting and comforting
others is considered noble and compassionate. This can be self-serving by
sparing us the discomfort causing and of being with someone in pain.
You cannot hurt someone's feelings - only they can. Do
you agree?
A fundamental decision
underlying every relationship is
"Who is responsible for the quality of your and my lives?" Taking
responsible for an able adult's comfort and safety is inherently
disrespectful and potentially harmful. It implies "I don't trust you to take
adequate care of yourself, and I know better than you."
From this view,
sparing people from "hurt feelings"
by lying delays their potentially
and healing. The challenge is to adopt the position "I
want to help you by not helping you" without excessive guilt. Can you
maintain this attitude about able people you care about?
For more perspective on
enabling, see this.
About "White Lies"
Do you condone or
tell occasional "white lies"? These are intentional (conscious)
untruths we feel are minor, well-meant, harmless, and morally acceptable ("I
told Marissa I liked her new blouse, but it was really ugly!"). Habitual
white lies ("shading the truth") can be toxic to ourselves and our
relationships because they may...
-
violate our
and diminish our self respect;
-
reduce other
people's trust in us, because we "leak" our true feelings and
give
And
white lies may...
-
seduce us into
justifying "bigger" deceptions; and they...
-
encourage
impressionable kids to justify "small lies" without guilt.
The adjective
"white" here is associated with "good," and "acceptable" because "I mean you no harm." By
implication, deceptions which intentionally promote or allow harm to someone
would be "black," often associated with evil and immorality.
Typically, we tell white lies because
(a) it's easy, (b) avoids discomfort from upsetting others, and/or (c) we don't know
how to give honest, respectful ("tactful")
feedback. For example, you could avoid pre-tending to like Marissa's ugly
blouse by saying something sincere like "Well, my preferences in colors and
patterns differ from yours. I'm glad you feel good in this blouse."
Pause, breathe,
and notice your thoughts now. Is
your true Self
your other subselves?
Honesty, Trust, and Intimacy
Would you agree that
"satisfying relationships" depend partly on mutual
trust? This treasure
comes from experiencing each other over time as steadily wanting to be "honest" and
"genuine" - i.e. "saying what we mean, and meaning what we say." Trust grows
from behaving in a way that consistently matches others' expectations of us in
various situations ("I can always count on Mei Ling to see the bright side
of things," or "She'll always tell me honestly how she feels.")
Think of someone
you distrust, selectively or globally. Can you count on them to want to tell you their truth in
all situations? How do you respond to this distrust - acceptance? Avoidance? Confrontation?
Repression? Justification? Complain? Criticize? Gossip? Excuses? Do you get
your relationship needs met well enough often enough with this person?
Depending on the levels
of mutual trust and acceptance, some relationships achieve the prize of
intimacy. Best friends and lovers strive to
maintain this prize - trusting each other to want to risk being completely
honest ("vulnerable") about their most sensitive feelings, thoughts, limits, failures, and
dreams. Have you experienced this?
True (vs. pretended) intimacy
flourishes with (a) self awareness and (b) genuine (vs. dutiful or fear-ful) mutual respect +
acceptance + forgiveness + compassion ("love"). These usually require each
per-son's true Self to be consistently guiding them. Do you have any
intimate relationships now? If so, how would you describe the level of
mutual honesty you share?
For more perspective on
primary-partner intimacy, see this.
Dishonesty "Problems"
I assume you're reading this
because:
-
Some dominant subselves are afraid to
face your own
truth (denial or repression), and/or...
-
You're afraid to
tell someone something important because that...
-
may cause them
significant discomfort (you take responsibility for their feelings),
and/or...
-
you may be judged to be "rude," "insensitive," or "selfish;" and/or...
-
disclosing your truth
may damage or end your relationship, and/or honesty...
-
may force one or both
of you to face something painful, scary, or overwhelming; and/or...
-
You feel
someone is lying about something important to you, themselves, and/or
someone else; and/or...
-
Someone accuses you of lying when you're
telling the truth.
Let's explore some key options you have with each
of these problems...
Options
In any situation like those above,
you have many choices to improve honesty with yourself and with other
people. For example...
In All Situations...
-
for significant false self wounds. If you find any, make
a top per-sonal priority - i.e.
patiently progress at
If you skip this or put it off, these other options will be of little or no help.
-
assess your knowledge about effective thinking and
communication, and intentionally improve your
and outcomes with adults and
kids.
-
evolve
and use a
meaningful Bill of Personal Rights with your
Self (capital "S")
you;
-
learn how to spot and relate to significantly-wounded
adults and kids
-
tailor these
options for giving effective feedback
to other people, and...
-
assess
and reduce any relationship barriers like
.
These
six
options have many relationship benefits, not just improving honesty!
Let's look at additional options for each of the four types of "dishonesty problems"
above...
1) You Fear
Your Own Truth
Three of the ways
avoid their truth are denial, repression, and distortion. The "you" who is
afraid is probably one or more
and their devoted
subselves who don't yet trust your true Self and
to keep them (you) safe enough. Each subself may have different fears, and
they may scare each other.
To reduce self-dishonesty over time...
learn about
normal personality subselves and wounds - slides or
text;
you have significant false-self
and identify which ones;
commit to
them over time - specially excessive
like denial and repression, and excessive
and...
learn how to identify each scared subself, and work
with her or him patiently to (a) develop trust in your talented
subselves, and
(b) reduce their anxieties to normal.
For more
perspective, see this.
2) You Fear Telling
Someone Else the Truth
Local or frequent fear of full
disclosure suggests
that a
A related problem may be your protective
and/or
subselves are taking responsibility for the other person's feelings
(enabling them). If you have this problem now, keep the other person/s in
mind as you review these options...
-
to lead your
and check yourself for
-
keep your
from taking you over - there is nothing bad or wrong with trying to keep
yourself safe!
-
clarify and use
your Bill of Personal Rights;
-
avoid
enabling
other people by withholding important truths;
-
identify your scared
subselves and their specific fears (per above), and view their fears as
helpful, not "negative";
-
evolve your skills at
and giving respectful feedback to
others;
-
apply these guidelines for
improving communication outcomes and
relationships; and...
-
adopt these powerful
as you make your decisions.
Pause, breathe, and reflect - do these options seem useful in your
situation? Is there
that might block you from using them?
Another common dishonesty stressor occurs when...
3) You Feel
Someone Else is Lying About Something Important
Tho each
situation is unique, consider these choices.
If They're
Lying to You...
-
if and when
appropriate, (a) tell the person you're having trouble believing them
about _____. Ex-pect normal resistance (denial, outrage,
justifications, evasions, denials, attacks, withdrawals, etc.) without
blame;
-
Avoid lengthy
explanations or justifications. They'll only provoke arguments, denials,
counter-attacks, and/or withdrawals;
-
Listen
empathically, and repeat your observation briefly and calmly after each
"resistance."
-
Consider
asking something like "Am I doing something that makes telling me the
truth feel un-safe?"
-
Consider
using an assertive
like...
"(Name),
when I'm unable to believe you on (this topic), I lose trust in
you in general.
If the other person has lied to you repeatedly, you may
say something like...
"(Name),
I've lost my (situational or general) trust in you. Are you willing to
work with me to
rebuild my trust?" If the other person is significantly
be prepared for evasion, am-biguity (double messages), arguments, or
"No."
If Someone
Lies to Another Person
In addition to
the three general options above...
-
decide if you
need to
the person. If you do, (a) be clear on what you need
(e.g. to preserve your integrity and self respect), and (b)
intentionally avoid
the other (wounded) person.
-
Option
- confront the liar calmly, and tell them factually what you observe
(vs. what you assume).
Expect defensiveness, justification, hostility, or other normal "resistance."
Use
and restate briefly and calmly what you observe.
-
Option
- inform the other person you think they've been lied to. Get very clear
why you're doing this. If you do, consider telling the dishonest person of your
actions and why you made them. First check to see if they're open to
some constructive feedback.
-
Option
- tell the scared person how their behavior affects you and your relationship
with them. Typical effects are loss of respect and trust, frustration,
avoidances, and perhaps gossip and social labeling ("Maria is a liar.")
A final common "dishonesty problem" is...
4) Someone Accuses You of Lying When You're
Telling the Truth
Normal reactions
are to feel hurt, frustrated, resentful, and angry; and to protest,
deny, explain, vent, withdraw, and/or blame. These usually serve to amplify
the stress between both people, unless each is guided by their true Self.
Options -
-
of
your
-
use calm
to confirm you're hearing the other person clearly;
-
seek steady
eye contact,
your truth simply and directly ("I'm telling you the truth"), and
calmly expect resistance (accusations, name calling,
attacking, generalizing...);
-
assume the other person is
controlled by a suspicious
and is unaware of
and unable to
appropriately;
-
decide if you
need to use an assertive
If you do, take time to compose one, and deliver it calmly and
respectfully e.g.
"(Name), when
you accuse me of lying when I'm telling the truth, I feel hurt,
frustrated, and irritated."
Expect resistance without
blame. Use
and repeat your I-message calmly,
with good eye contact. Repeat this sequence as often as you need to.
"Which of your subselves needs to feel I'm lying?"
-
Intentionally
avoid getting hooked into long defensive explanations, changing the
subject, apolo-gizing, placating, and/or bringing up other issues ("Well
how 'bout the times you've lied to me about _____?!")
Pause, breathe, and reflect -
do these options seem useful in your situation?
Is there
that might block you from using them? What may happen if you try your
version of them?
If you find yourself in other
"dishonesty" situations, use the themes here to evolve effective respon-ses.
The more you use these options, the more automatic they'll become. Reflect -
is there someone else you'd like to discuss the ideas in this article with
and/or to ask to be a mutual-accountability part-ner as you practice them?
Recap
This article
offers (a) perspective on personal and social dishonesty, and (b) practical
options for increasing honesty with yourself and other people. A key option
is identifying the subselves in you which cause significant fears, and
working patiently with them to increase their trust in your Regular
subselves and Higher Power to keep them (you) safe from pain and
injury.
+ + +
Pause, breathe,
and reflect - why did you read this article? Did you get what you needed? If
not, what
you need? Who's
these questions - your
or
The Web address of this
article is http://sfhelp.org/basics/honesty.htm